DevOps

Swetha – Kubernetes Architecture

What are the 10 features of kubernetes ?
  1. container orchestrator
  2. Workload placement
  3. Maintains desired state
  4. Self-healing
  5. Automated rollbacks
  6. Auto scaling
  7. Load balancing
  8. Speed of deployment
  9. Ability to absorb change quickly
  10. Hide complexity in the cluster
How Kubernetes works ?

Kubernetes are comprised of master and multiple nodes where Master is In-charge of cluster which manages nodes and nodes manages one or multiple pods and pod manages one or multiple containers.

Kubernetes architecture diagram
What are the components of Master ?
  1. Kube-API server – front end thru which any communication is passed and consumes JSON via manifest files.
  2. Kube-Cluster store – requests gets stored in cluster store in key value format powered by etcd.
  3. Kube-Controller manager – controller of controllers which watches for changes and helps in maintaining desired state.
  4. Kube-Scheduler – watches API server for new pods, assigns work to nodes and interacts with kubelet in node.
What are the components of Worker ?
  1. Kubelet – main kubernetes agent which registers node with cluster and instantiates pods, exposes endpoint on: 10255.
  2. Container Engine (Docker) – does container management: pulling images and running containers.
  3. Kube –proxy – manages kubernetes networking (pod IP addresses), all containers in a pod share a single IP.
What are the components of Workstation ?

Kubectl – CLI to interact with APIserver

What is POD ?

A pod is the smallest execution unit that you can create and manage in Kubernetes. A Pod  is a group of one or more containers, with shared storage and network resources, and a specification for how to run the containers.

  • A pod encapsulates one or more applications.
  • When a pod is created it is assigned its own unique IP address.
  • Pods have a single IP address that is applied to every container within the pod.
  • Containers in a pod share the same resources such as memory and storage (All containers in pod share the pod environment).
  • If there are multiple containers within the pod, they can communicate between each other simply by using localhost. Communications outside of the pod is achieved by exposing a port.
  • If a pod (or the node it executes on) fails, Kubernetes can automatically create a new replica of that pod to continue operations.
  • Communications between pods in a cluster takes advantage of the fact that Kubernetes assigns a cluster-private IP address to every pod in a cluster, eliminating the need to either explicitly create links between pods or to map container ports to host ports.
  • Pods utilize an agent on each node called a kubelet to communicate with the Kubernetes API and the rest of the cluster.
  • As the load on a pod increases, Kubernetes can automatically replicate the pod to achieve desired scalability.
  • multi-container pods ease deployment configuration compared to setting up shared resources between containers on your own.