• Static Application security testing
• Deliver secure software fast
• Scans source code in Developers preferred language
• Available on Premise as a service or in Hybrid
• Finds security issues at the early stage in the development and fix at the speed of DevOps.

OpenShift is a family of containerization software offerings created by opensource software provider Red Hat. OpenShift is a cloud based Kubernetes container platform that is considered both containerization software and a platform as a Service. OpenShift offers consistent security, built in monitoring, centralized policy management and compatibility with Kubernetes container workloads.

OpenShift empowers easy integration with leading CI/CD platforms, AI Powered monitoring solutions, and user demand analysis tools. By taking better control of their Kubernetes environments, OpenShift can help organizations reach their full DevOps potential.

• Simplifies Kubernetes management tools
• Enhances DevOps productivity
• Speeds up development

Chef is a Deployment tool. It is used as a configuration management tool used to automate the infrastructure provisioning. It is developed in Ruby language. It is used for building blocks like recipe and cookbooks. It is used for managing servers, software and applications in-house and also in the cloud.

2)10 Advantages of chef?

• Accelerating Software Delivery
• Increasing Service Resiliency
• Improving risk management
• Accelerating cloud Adoption
• Manage Datacenters
• A streamlined IT operation workflow
• Continuous delivery
• Deploy and manage servers and applications
• Automate tasks across numerous servers
• Opensource

3)How to install Chef Workstation

wget https://packages.chef.io/files/stable/chef-workstation/22.5.923/el/7/chef-workstation-22.5.923-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh chef-workstation-22.5.923-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

chef

chef version

4) One example program for recipe

vi first.rb

file ‘/opt/first.txt’

file ‘/opt/first.txt’ do
action :delete
end

file ‘/opt/content.txt’ do
content “This is my first program of chef”
mode 755
owner “root”
end

chef-apply first.rb

Terraform is a provisioning declarative tool that based on Infrastructure as a Code Paradigm. It is written in Golang. It is a open source. Owned by Hashicorp company. It is a multipurpose composition tool to composes multiple tiers (SaaS/PaaS/IaaS) and a plugin-based architecture model.

2)One example terraform program

using github as a provider

provider “github” {

token=”github personal access token XXXXXXX”

}

resource “github_repository” “example” {
name = “example”
description = “My awesome codebase”

visibility = “public”
}

3)List of 5 terraform commands and its use

• terraform init : this command is used for initializing a working directory containing Terraform configuration files
• terraform plan : show changes required for current configuration
• terraform apply: create or update infrastructure/resource.
• terraform show: show the current state.
• terraform destroy: destroy previously created resources/infrastructure.

Kubernetes is a Open Source platform for managing containerized applications. Kubernetes helps in orchestration of containers in large scale. It is developed in Go. Kubernetes is developed by Google but donated to Cloud Native Computing Foundation(CNCF). Kubernetes eliminates many of the manual process involved in deploying and scaling containarized applications.

2) 5 reasons of using Kubernetes?

• Scalability (Manages multiple containers in datacenters)
• Automated deployment and managing capabilities
• Fully supports applications on multi-cloud system
• Open source platform
• Minimal cost and resources

3) About each Kubernetes Component?

Kubernetes cluster consists of Kubernetes Master and multiple workers

API Server

• For managing all the Functions/Services of Kubernetes
• The API Server is the front end for the Kubernetes control Plane

etcd

• For storing all the data for Kubernetes cluster
• etcd lets any of the nodes in the Kubernetes cluster read and write data

Controller-manager

• For controlling all the worker state
• controller manager runs in master nodes and takes care of different controller processes..These controllers watch the status of different actions.

Scheduler

• For assigning work to the worker.
• This scheduler is responsible for assigning what tasks to each workers

Kube Proxy

• Networking services
• maintains network rules on nodes

Network Driver

• Networking driver

Kubectl

• For API Connection
• Kubernetes command line tool

Kubelet

• Kubernetes agent and initialize POD
• Kubelet is the primary node agent that runs on each nodes

Docker is a tool for managing containers.

Docker is tool for creating, sharing and running individual containers.

Docker is a software platform that allows you to build, test, and deploy applications quickly.

Everything we need for development can simply run on Docker engine as containers

Dockers lightweight and portability nature makes it easy to dynamically manage workloads.

2)What is Container?

Container is fully independent APP run time environment.

A container is a standard unit of software that packages up code and all its dependencies so that application runs quickly and reliably from one operating system to other.

Managing means we can create -> start -> stop -> restart -> remove -> pause -> un-pause etc.

A container is a runnable instance of an image

Docker containers provide a portable and lightweight environment for deploying applications.

3) What are the top 5 advantages of Docker?

• Docker environment are highly secure. Applications running in docker containers are isolated from each other.
• Docker containers can move in multi-cloud environments
• Docker increases the speed of CI/CD pipeline
• Docker enables to run applications in minimal costs compared to other VMs.
• Simplicity and faster configurations.

4) What are the top 10 commands used today?

• curl -fsSL get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh , sudo sh get-docker.sh [ to install Docker]
• docker exec -it 5656787989 bash [to get into the container]
• docker inspect 6776887897 [to access the container using ip address]
• docker run -d -p 81:80 httpd [port forwarding]
• apt-get install git [installing git inside a container]
• apt-get install apache2 [installing apache2 inside a container]
• docker create httpd [to create a container]
• docker start 657889980 [to start the container]
• docker ps -a [to list all the containers]
• exit [to come out of the container]
• docker rm 766789990 [to remove the container]

DevOps is a approach to bring changes in the mindsets of engineers, the culture of different teams to work together as a single team to bring the objectives of the organization like Quality release of software, Immediate release and cost reduction. DevOps is to automate all things. DevOps bring the changes like communication, continuous feedback, automation which is missed in other models like Waterfall, Agile. Focus of DevOps is to enhance the communication between Dev team and Operations team

2)10 Advantanges of the DevOps

• Increase Collaboration
• Reduce waste and pain areas
• Faster Feedback
• Automation
• Quick release cycle
• Reduced time to recover
• Increased efficiency and performance
• Continuous feedback
• Deliver Quality software
• Better Customer experience

3)Top 10 Tools used in DevOps?

Build tool : Maven

Versioning: Git

Integration: Jenkins

Testing: JUnit

Deployment : Docker

Code Analysis: SonarQube

Packaging Management: Jar

Repository Management: Artifactory

Performance Monitoring: New Relic

Security: AppScan

4) How to implement DevOps?

Automate all steps

code -> Build -> Integrate -> Test -> Release -> Deploy -> Operate.